ScienceDirect - 36,000 youth were held in juvenile facilities in the U.S.

Ann E Casey Foundation - 195,000 juveniles are admitted to detentions centers nationwide

Reducing Juvenile Recidivism - 80% of youth who are incarcerated are rearrested within three years after release.

Child Crime Prevention & Safety Center - Types of Crimes.

OJJDP EZACJRP (2023) – National counts of youth in custody by offense, race, age, and status.

OJJDP JRFC Databook (2022) – Data from 1,277 juvenile facilities, including capacity.

OJJDP Juvenile Court Statistics (2022) – Trends in juvenile court processing and detention.

OJJDP Data Snapshot – Average length of stay in detention and long-term facilities.

The Sentencing Project (2024) – Youth justice trends and the decline in confinement.

Prison Policy Initiative (2025) – Breakdown of youth confinement and pretrial detention.

Council for a Strong America (2024) – Research on costs and impacts of youth incarceration.